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Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Posted in General on 25th April 2010

IBS (now known by the name of Irritable Bowel Syndrome) is a functional digestive disorder. Today it is unknown what the exact causes. However, people with this condition should see their doctor, who, through clinical data and a thorough examination will determine whether it is Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable Bowel 300x200 Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Irritable Bowel

1. What is IBS?

IBS is a functional digestive disorder characterized by the presence of abdominal pain or discomfort that is normally associated with change in bowel habits (such as constipation or diarrhea), with no demonstrable organic disorder.

This syndrome should be suspected when abdominal discomfort or pain are present for twelve weeks or more in the last twelve months. In addition, patients often present many symptoms, among them the relief of abdominal pain or discomfort when performing the stool and an evident change of stool consistency.

2. Why does this happen?

For many years research in etiology to explain why IBS occurs. For this reason, experts believe that a set of causes could be responsible for the onset of the disease, although currently not known for sure. Thus, experts clarify their existence in accordance with:

- A possible infectious cause.

- Myoelectrical abnormality that produces a disorder of bowel motility.

- An abnormal response to certain hormonal stimuli. – A disorder of the intestines.

- An alteration of certain gastrointestinal hormones.

- An intolerance or allergy to certain foods.

- The existence of certain psychological disorders.

Among these causes, food has been taken into account more than once as one of the factors responsible for the disease in two ways:

- A diet low in vegetable fiber has been linked to the emergence of IBS because it is a condition that is more common in Western countries, while in underdeveloped countries (where it is consumed vegetable fiber) is given in lesser extent.

- Moreover, there have been numerous studies that have attempted to rule out irritable bowel syndrome is caused by a food allergy because many patients relate the onset of symptoms with the intake of certain foods.

So far there are no studies addressing the theory that IBS is caused by a given diet or making a particular food. However, this does not mean that many patients relate their discomfort with certain foods from your diet and removing those makes they feel better.

3. Symptoms

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a disorder in which there are many symptoms and many of them are outside the sphere of the digestive tract, which may suggest the patient with other diseases.

Besides the usual symptoms such as abdominal pain and altered bowel habits (diarrhea or constipation or both alternately), can occur in some patients Other symptoms, more or less often: Chest pain, nausea and vomiting, gastro esophageal reflux, dyspeptic gastric discomfort, aerophobia, bloating, early satiety, weight gain, cancer phobia, urinary symptoms (dysuria, frequency, nocturia), gynecologic symptoms (dysmenorrheal, dyspareunia), headache, fibromyalgia, insomnia, anxiety, depression, fatigue, tachycardia or bradycardia, Mainers syndrome, neurovegetative disorders, and other nonspecific symptoms.

A very striking feature of IBS is that not all people with this disease have the same symptoms It is rarely that there are two patients alike. The assessment of all of these symptoms should be performed by the physician, who shall be responsible for informing patients of their relationship with the process or irritable colon.

4. Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Irritable Bowel Syndrome is done primarily by that the patient presents symptoms and that the doctor, after a rigorous examination, include in its history.

In general, this story may be sufficient to establish a presumptive diagnosis by the doctor, although you can request additional evidence such as blood tests, radiology or colonoscopy, which will help complete the diagnosis.

5. Treatment and habits to relieve

Each patient suffering from Irritable Bowel Syndrome must follow a different treatment depending on the symptoms present. As a complement to treatment, patients should have detailed information about the disease and on the evolution of it, facts which serve to reassure him.

Medical treatment through drugs is used:

- To treat pain the drugs used are called anticholinergics or antispasmodics that behave like smooth muscle relaxants (such as meveberina, octillion bromide, trimebutine bromide pinaverium, dicyclomine, etc).

- For constipation there are many alternatives and not as a recommendation for all patients. In general, we strongly recommend the use of vegetable fiber, as fundamentally insoluble. In other cases it may prescribe laxatives, which should never be autoindicados taken by the patient but by prescription. Laxatives can be lubricants (e.g. paraffin oil), osmotic (such as lacunose, polyethylene glycol, lactitol, or sorbitol), salt (such as hydroxide or magnesium citrate), stimulants (such as bisacodyl, cascara) and surfactants (decussate).

- Other medications used are the macrogol which together with sodium bicarbonate and sodium chloride and potassium relieve constipation when it occurs. Glycerin suppositories or cleansing enemas may be used to reduce symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

- Today some drugs are being developed (Which have not yet been approved by the European Medicines Agency), which could be useful in patients with constipation, such as 5HT4 receptor agonists (tegaserod) and 5HT3 receptor antagonists (alosetron).

- With regard to antidiarrhealThe most used is that lope amide with excellent results. The loperamina works by increasing the absorption of water and electrolytes while increases anal sphincter tone. Not for use in a maintained, only when patients present with diarrhea crisis, as its continued making may facilitate the development of constipation. In some cases may be referred to other drugs such as cholestyramine or diphenoxylate HCl. It has also been used with good results codeine.

- When the pain is very resistant to treatment can be used to antidepressant drugs. Basically, the patient who suffers from Irritable Bowel Syndrome should follow general recommendations including hygienic and dietary rules, avoiding fatty foods such as fried foods, potato chips or hard to digest vegetables such as chickpeas. Neither is drinking soda.

Causes, Signs, Symptoms, The Diagnosis, Types and The Treatment of Breast Cancer

Posted in Women-Health on 7th November 2009

breast cancer1 150x150 Causes, Signs, Symptoms, The Diagnosis, Types and The Treatment of Breast CancerBreast cancer is a disease that arises because of the growth of breast cells to excess. From all over the world, breast cancer was placed in fifth position as one of the causes of cancer death after: lung cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer and colon cancer.

Causes of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer disease the most common cancer attacking women but men also have the possibility to attacking this disease with a ratio between 1 in 1000. Until now has not known for certain what causes this cancer occurs, but several factors likely are:
Age: breast cancer increases  at young age and above.
Genetic: there are two types of genes (BRCA1 and BRCA2) that are possible as a risk. If mother or sister of breast cancer, then you have risk of breast cancer.
The use of Medicines, for example a woman who uses hormone replacement therapy as exogenous hormones.

Other factors suspected as the cause of breast cancer is; not married, married but no children, birth to their first child after age 35 years, never feed a child. Some studies reveal that breast cancer increased in people who often deal with stress conditions (shock soul) and also for women who menstruate before 11 of age.

Signs and Symptoms of Breast Cancer Disease

For those of you who felt a strange lump surrounding breast tissue or even one of your breasts look bigger. These bumps are generally painless, ranging from small size would become huge and palpable as attached to the skin. Several cases of breast skin changes around the lump or change in the nipple.

When the lump started to grow, then pain when pressed. If you feel pain in the breast and nipple that does not go away, you should immediately consult a medical. The nipple into the contract, which was pink and finally become brown and evens the existence of edema (swelling) around the nipple, this is sign of breast cancer. Another thing is the frequency of discharge from the nipple when not nursing a baby.

Breast Cancer Diagnosis Disease

Breast cancer can be ascertained by taking samples of breast tissue that have swollen (action biopsy). This way to know what kind of growth experienced by cells, whether the tumor is benign or malignant tumors (cancer).

Breast Cancer Disease Type

Through the mammograms examination, there is two type of cancer:
Non-invasive breast cancer: cancer that occurs in the bag (tube) milk (link between the alveoli that producing milk and nipples). In the medicine called “ductile carcinoma in situ “(DCIS), the cancer not yet spread to the outside of the network milk bag.
Invasive breast cancer: cancer that has spread out the bag of milk and attack the surrounding tissue may even lead to the spread (metastases) to other body like lymph and other glands through the blood circulation.

Breast Cancer Treatment

Treatment of breast cancer depend on the type and stadium experienced by the patient. Generally someone know has breast cancer after stepped-up stadium, this is due to a lack of knowledge or shame.
Surgery, in the known breast cancer early so surgery was the right thing. The doctor will remove the lump and a small area surrounding the then replaces it with another muscle tissue (lumpectomy).There are 3 surgery of breast cancer,including:

  • Radical Mastectomy: the surgical removal of part of the breast (lumpectomy). This surgery is always followed by the provision of radiotherapy. Lumpectomy is usually recommended in patients with large tumor less than two cm and located on the edge of the breast.
  • Total Mastectomy: the surgical removal of the entire breast, but not the glands in the armpit.
  • Modified Radical Mastectomy: the surgical removal of the entire breast, breast tissue in the sternum, collarbone and ribs and lump around the armpit.

Radiotherapy (radiation), the irradiation in the area affected of cancer using X-rays and gamma rays are aimed to eliminate the cell of cancer remaining in the breast after surgery. These actions have bad effects as the body becomes weak, decreased appetite, skin color around the breast to be black and hemoglobin and leukocytes was decrease as a result of radiation.

Hormone Therapy, This is known as ‘anti-estrogen Therapy’ that the system works to hold the exist of hormones estrogen’s.

Chemotherapy, this is the process of providing medicine in the form of anti-cancer pills or capsules or liquid through the infusion aimed to eliminate the cells of cancer. The impact of the patients experienced chemotherapy is nausea and vomiting and hair loss due to the influence of drugs given during chemotherapy.

Herceptin treatment, biological therapy effective against HER2-positive in women who have breast cancer stadium II, III and IV.

Breast Cancer Prevention

see the previous articles “How to Prevent Breast Cancer’s from The Natural